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An analysis of EBI expression on dendritic cells DCs showed
2020-07-16
An analysis of EBI2 expression on dendritic cells (DCs) showed that EBI2 is highly expressed on CD4+ conventional cDCs. In line with this mice deficient for EBI2 largely lack this subset of cDCs in the spleen. Furthermore, the localization of the residual cells is disturbed [10,11]. It was found tha
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The intracellular redox situation of MC T
2020-07-16
The intracellular redox situation of MC3T3-E1 Cephalexin after exposure with fluoride has been investigated and results revealed that the generation of ROS increased at a concentration-dependent manner, which indicated that NaF induced oxidative stress damage in MC3T3-E1 cells. Fluoride-mediated in
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Protein degradation via UPP involves
2020-07-16
Protein degradation via UPP involves two steps. One step is the conjugation of multiple ubiquitin to a substrate. The other step is the degradation of tagged protein by the downstream 26S proteasome complex. Protein ubiquitination is the E1–E2–E3 enzymatic cascade (Hershko & Ciechanover, 1998). E1-a
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If the factors needed for A
2020-07-16
If the factors needed for A-NHEJ are not completely defined and the A-NHEJ reaction mechanism nebulous, it is also fair to say that the biological role(s) of A-NHEJ is even more poorly understood. Most of the current interest in A-NHEJ, however, stems from its implicated use in the chromosomal trans
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The recombinant Scl collagen system has shown capability as
2020-07-16
The recombinant Scl2 collagen system has shown capability as a biomaterial as well because of its adaptability and scalability. Scl2 was functionalized to crosslink into a hydrogel without disrupting its triple helix [130]. The Scl2–hydrogel crosslinking also did not disrupt cell adhesion and integr
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br Effects of estrogen on vascular function
2020-07-16
Effects of estrogen on vascular function Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory condition of the vascular wall (Figure 1) that can be converted to an acute clinical event by the induction of plaque rupture or erosion, leading to thrombosis [58]. This perpetuating process is characterized by ph
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br Introduction Prostaglandin E PGE signals through separate
2020-07-16
Introduction Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) signals through 4 separate G-protein coupled receptor sub-types (EP1, EP2, EP3 and EP4) to elicit a variety of physiological and pathophysiologic effects. EP2 and EP4 increase cAMP levels in the cell via adenylate cyclase activation, whereas EP3 inhibits cAMP
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br O GlcNAc transferase OGT belongs to the metal independent
2020-07-16
O-GlcNAc transferase OGT belongs to the metal-independent GT-B superfamily of glycosyltransferases, which has been well-reviewed previously [14,15]. OGT is an essential gene encoded on the X-chromosome, and it has two main regions: a long N-terminal tetratricopeptide repeat (TPR) region and a C-t
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br Methods br Results br Discussion
2020-07-16
Methods Results Discussion The findings of this study indicate that an ET system including ET-1 and ET-2 as well as ET receptors are present in the retina and RPE/choroid, and are up-regulated by both hypertension and diabetes. Specifically, individual antagonism of the ETRA or ETRB deliver
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It is without doubt that the vagina plays
2020-07-16
It is without doubt that the vagina plays a significant role in the perception of coital stimulation leading to sexual arousal and, finally, orgasm. In response to sensory stimulation, relaxation of vaginal vascular and nonvascular smooth muscle occurs, resulting in an increase in local blood flow a
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The cyclin dependent kinase deactivation
2020-07-15
The cyclin-dependent kinase deactivation is carried out by a particular group of proteins cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors (CDKIs). These group of proteins blocks kinase activity by interfering with the interaction of cyclin-CDK complex [43]. The inhibition of CDK naturally occurs during a G1 phas
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sq 22 Tumor associated macrophages TAMs one
2020-07-15
Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs)—one of the limiting factors in anti-tumor immunity—are associated with the poor clinical outcome in most carcinomas, owing to their potential to promote angiogenesis and local invasion, increase the metastasis of tumor cells, and inhibit the anti-tumor immunity.11
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The crystal structure of LiCoO is presented in Fig We
2020-07-15
The crystal structure of LiCoO2 is presented in Fig. 1. We can notice that the Li and Co atoms occupy the centers of two different edge-sharing [CoO6]-octahedra, which results in formation of separate Li and Co layers. Hence, the layered structure of LiMO2 is able to intercalate lithium into transit
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In summary these results are consistent with our hypothesis
2020-07-15
In summary, these results are consistent with our hypothesis that chemical nitrosation of BMAA to N-BMAA results in the formation of an alkylating agent. Furthermore, we have shown that N-BMAA is more toxic than BMAA itself. Previously, methylazoxymethanol (MAM), which is also present in the cycad n
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Thus DGK active sites remain ill
2020-07-15
Thus, DGK-active sites remain ill-defined and, combined with the lack of crystal structures for mammalian DGKs, have limited our understanding of substrate and inhibitor binding. As a result, current DGK inhibitors consist of compounds with poor specificity within the DGK superfamily (de Chaffoy de
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