• Alpha synuclein AS is a

  2022-02-25

  

  Alpha synuclein (AS) is a protein located in presynaptic terminals of neurons that functions in recycling and storage of neurotransmitters [17]. Under conditions of inflammation and oxidative stress, AS proteins misfold and accumulate into 2-D08 [81], [90]. The aggregates of misfolded AS oligimorize

• br Acknowledgement This work was supported in part by grants

  2022-02-25

  

  Acknowledgement This work was supported in part by grants from the Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad from Spain (BFU2011-23034). Introduction The glutamate hypothesis of schizophrenia emerged from observations in the 1960s that phencyclidine and similar psychotomimetic agents produce sc

• br Investigations br Genetics GLUT is a membrane bound glyco

  2022-02-25

  

  Investigations Genetics GLUT1 is a membrane-bound glycoprotein that provides base-rate glucose transport across blood-tissue barriers. It is constituitively expressed in erythrocytes, BTL105 microvessels and astroglia. The gene exclusively associated with GLUT1 is SLC2A1, located on chromosom

• Analogous to all GPCRs the GLP R transduces

  2022-02-25

  

  Analogous to all GPCRs, the GLP-1R transduces signals from the outside of the cell to the inside by allosterically converting a ligand-binding event to activation of intracellular effectors. The GLP-1R couples to several intracellular effectors and this pleiotropic coupling is physiologically releva

• Besides its established insulinotropic actions GIP

  2022-02-25

  

  Besides its established insulinotropic actions, GIP has been shown to possess other direct beneficial effects on the beta cell, including stimulation of growth, differentiation, proliferation and survival.21, 22, 23 It has also been shown to stimulate proinsulin gene transcription and translation. M

• br Conflicts of interest br Acknowledgments This

  2022-02-25

  

  Conflicts of interest Acknowledgments This work was supported by the following funds: National Natural Science Foundation of China (81502222); Natural Science Foundation of Hubei Province (2013CFB370); Training program for Wuhan young and middle-aged medical backbone personnel (2017–51). In

• However ghrelin has a short half life of min

  2022-02-25

  

  However, ghrelin has a short half-life of 15–20 min, because it is a natural peptide containing 28-amino acids, its clinical usefulness as a therapeutic agent may be limited (Mosińska et al., 2017; Vestergaard et al., 2007). Hence, many efforts have been made to elucidate the smallest segment of ghr

• br Genetic manipulation variation of the ghrelin system

  2022-02-25

  

  Genetic manipulation/variation of the ghrelin system and alcohol-related outcomes Genetic manipulation of the ghrelin system (either the peptide or the receptor gene) via knockout rodent models has provided further insight into the role of this system in alcohol seeking and consummatory behaviors

• br ACKNOWLEDGMENTS br Introduction Odorant

  2022-02-24

  

  ACKNOWLEDGMENTS Introduction Odorant receptors (ORs) are the largest subfamily of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) and are mainly expressed by olfactory sensory neurons in the nose for the detection of various odorants [1]. However, more recent reports suggest that ORs are also expressed an

• br FREE FATTY ACID RECEPTOR GPR br G PROTEIN COUPLED

  2022-02-24

  

  FREE FATTY ACID RECEPTOR 1 (GPR40) G-PROTEIN-COUPLED RECEPTOR 120 CONCLUSION Free fatty CC-115 receptors whose natural ligands are identified as FFAs having various lengths have been reported. They act as novel nutrient sensing receptors independent of PPARs and FABPs, and they are known t

• br What are the local exocytotic protein

  2022-02-24

  

  What are the local exocytotic protein targets of PKC? A direct method for PKC to potentiate insulin release would be to phosphorylate and activate components of the exocytotic machinery. Bulk measurements show that potentiation occurs by enhancement of the calcium sensitivity of exocytosis [56],

• The stable association of Hat complexes

  2022-02-24

  

  The stable association of Hat1 complexes with histones H3 and H4 raises a number of interesting issues. The first is the question of how Hat1 remains stably associated with histones H3 and H4. While the simple answer is that Hat1 remains bound to histones because of its association with histone chap

• When studying the potential of

  2022-02-24

  

  When studying the potential of HATi for the treatment of inflammatory lung diseases, investigating lung tissue specific effects may be particularly relevant since local administration of small molecule inhibitors in lung tissue is possible and is already applied for inhaled glucocorticoids in the tr

• Sugar gliders and hedgehogs are insectivores and actively

  2022-02-24

  

  Sugar gliders and hedgehogs are insectivores and actively seek arthropods in nightly forays. It is suspected that Triatoma were not feeding on the sugar gliders and hedgehogs, but rather were being eaten. The oral route of infection is often nonfatal and induces a carrier state in South American did

• In an attempt to further optimize interactions in

  2022-02-24

  

  In an attempt to further optimize interactions in the lipophilic P4 pocket, we next prepared compounds – () which possessed the preferred stereochemistry at P4, but with R-groups of varying size and shape. In addition to providing important structural information for maximizing potency, these compou

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