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uncouplers of oxidative phosphorylation br Results and Discu
2019-08-17
Results and Discussion Conclusions Understanding the connections between function and fitness is a primary goal of many biological disciplines including systems biology and molecular evolution. While sound approaches have been developed to understand the connections between function and fitnes
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Why then is leading strand DNA
2019-08-17
Why then is leading-strand DNA synthesis reduced relative to lagging-strand synthesis in rad53-1 mutant Pam2CSK4 under replication stress? To gain insight into this question, we first determined whether the firing of late origins in rad53-1 mutant cells contributes to compromised leading-strand synt
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Experimental studies offer a means of developing an
2019-08-17
Experimental studies offer a means of developing an empirical basis for the development of forensic protocols in the investigations of specific crime types [12]. Such an evidence ana 2msds for ICST cases will help enable the identification of situations when there is likely to be recoverable DNA fr
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br The role of TNFs and AD The TNF
2019-08-17
The role of TNFs and AD The TNF superfamily includes 19 members that can bind 29 different receptors [56, 57]; the 19 members are Lta, TNF-α, lymphotoxin-β (LTβ), OX40L, TNF associated activation protein (TRAP, also named CD40L or gp39), factor associated suicide ligand (FasL), CD70, CD153, 4-1BB
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research to date DGK is classified into the
2019-08-16
DGKη is classified into the type II DGK subfamily [12], [13], [14], [15]. As described above, DGKη has the splice variants η1 and η2 [10]. DGKs η1 and η2 possess in common a pleckstrin homology domain at the N-terminus and a catalytic domain that is divided into two subdomains (catalytic subdomain-a
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br Authors contributions br Acknowledgements
2019-08-16
Authors’ contributions Acknowledgements Introduction Retinoic Sulfaphenazole is a key signalling molecule in healthy development and in differentiation of stem cells, albeit uncontrolled levels of retinoic acid can lead to mutagenesis [1]. In eukaryotes retinoic acid is made by oxidation o
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br Conclusion The results of the present study demonstrate t
2019-08-16
Conclusion The results of the present study demonstrate that cysteinyl leukotrienes LTC4, LTD4 and LTE4 cause moderate to marked whereas the dihydroxy leukotriene LTB4 causes small muscle contraction in the stomach in vitro. The LTD4-induced contraction is mediated by CysLT1 in fundus but by CysL
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br Introduction The allergic response is a
2019-08-16
Introduction The allergic response is a complex process involving the interaction of several mediators; among these, cysteinyl leukotrienes (CysLTs) represent one of the most important actors in the pathogenesis of airway allergic diseases such as allergic rhinitis and asthma [1]. Pharmacological
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To ascertain that the slower migrating bands represented pho
2019-08-16
To ascertain that the slower migrating bands represented phosphorylated CDK5, we performed a phosphatase assay. Lysates of Zebularine co-expressing p35 and either WT or D144N CDK5 were immunoprecipitated using an anti-p35 antibody. The immunoprecipitates were then dephosphorylated using SAP along wi
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Acknowledgments br Prostaglandin D PGD plays
2019-08-16
Acknowledgments Prostaglandin D (PGD) plays a key role in mediating allergic reactions such as those seen in asthma, allergic rhinitis, atopic dermatitis and allergic conjunctivitis. PGD is the major cyclooxygenase product formed and secreted by activated mast cells and its levels in bronchoalveo
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To the best of our knowledge this
2019-08-16
To the best of our knowledge, this study was the first to demonstrate in vitro and in vivo that the lipolytic effect of kinsenoside results from coordination between PKA and AMPK pathways. We validated the lipolytic effect of kinsenoside in vivo and the effect of PKA activation on the modulating AMP
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Multiple lines of evidence now indicate that mitochondrial d
2019-08-16
Multiple lines of evidence now indicate that mitochondrial decay is a fundamental factor that leads to alterations in energy metabolism in the aged heart (Hagen et al., 2002, Judge and Leeuwenburgh, 2007, Lesnefsky et al., 2001c). Nevertheless, the exact biochemical events that cause such an alterat
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Future analysis could consider using fixed effects also with
2019-08-16
Future analysis could consider using fixed effects also with the level set field, , in order to investigate which covariates explain the classification, a feature of the proposed model that we have not yet investigated. Further, multi-type point patterns may also be analyzed with the proposed model
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br Functional significance Defects of
2019-08-16
Functional significance Defects of the lysyl hydroxylases LH1, LH2, and LH3 impair collagen secretion and stability in the extracellular matrix, and cause rare connective tissue disorders such as Ehlers-Danlos type-VI [27], Bruck syndrome [28], and skeletal dysplasia [29], respectively. Elucidati
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Our previous studies have shown that in
2019-08-16
Our previous studies have shown that in a preimplantation mouse embryo the proportion of inner to outer cells (i.e. precursors of ICM and TE, respectively) is regulated by a different frequency of differentiative cell divisions at the 8- and 16-cell stages. Low number of inner blastomeres generated
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