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ER stress was monitored by both an
2019-10-16
ER stress was monitored by both an increase of the ER chaperone (GRP78, GRP94) and the activation of the ER resident caspase-12. ER stress response (also known as the unfolded protein response) is a defense mechanism against various cellular stresses which causes accumulation of unfolded proteins in
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The most significant source of DAG originates
2019-10-16
The most significant source of DAG originates from the PLC family of enzymes, which produces DAG in an agonist-regulated reaction. PLCs constitute a wide family of enzymes acting on both phosphatidilinositols (PI) and phosphatidilcoline (PC) (Li et al., 2010) in the plasma membrane and other intrace
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We also determined the uracil content of
2019-10-16
We also determined the uracil content of CJ236 DNA by thin-layer chromatography of in vivo32P- or [6-3H]uracil-labeled CJ236 2′-deoxyribose 5′-monophosphates as well as by LC/MS of deoxyuridine and thymidine 2′-deoxynucleosides (Table 1, Table 2, Table 3). Examination of the 32P data showed that, ba
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In conclusion our work led to the characterization
2019-10-16
In conclusion, our work led to the characterization of some signalling events of the CysLT1 receptor variants, at several levels, and showed that a punctual serine mutation could alter the response of receptors to cysLTs. Although atopy is a complex phenotype implicating different cell types, mediat
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br Results br Discussion GPCRs recognize
2019-10-16
Results Discussion GPCRs recognize a broad range of molecules with a vast chemical abnormal lipid metabolism through different mechanisms. Our understanding of the recognition of lipid mediators by GPCRs primarily comes from the structural studies of receptors for lysophospholipids and endoca
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br Diseases which have been treated with proteins linked
2019-10-16
Diseases which have been treated with proteins linked to HSA A number of therapeutic products conjugated to HSA have now been approved for clinical use (Table 2). For example, fatty KNK437 mass derivatives of human insulin bound to HSA have applications in the treatment of diabetes while paclita
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Finally we have determined for the
2019-10-16
Finally, we have determined for the first time that aromatase enzyme activity is necessary to observe IGF-1-dependent BW 723C86 hydrochloride pathway receptor activation. Neuroestrogen synthesis has been shown to be important for the maintenance of synaptic spine density in hippocampal slice culture
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Overall we found that all hormone
2019-10-15
Overall, we found that all hormone treatment groups were able to learn spatial working and reference memory tasks, as shown by their performance across days on the WRAM (days 2–12, collapsed across the 4 trials) and the MWM (days 1–5, collapsed across the 4 trials). During the acquisition phase of t
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Another enzyme class that has emerged
2019-10-15
Another enzyme class that has emerged as a potential alternative to P450s are the so-called ‘unspecific peroxygenases’ (UPOs). They also contain a heme but are extracellularly expressed fungal enzymes that are often more stable than P450 monooxygenases. Importantly, UPOs use H2O2 instead of O2 as th
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Key molecules in the EP second messenger signaling cascade t
2019-10-15
Key molecules in the EP1 second messenger signaling cascade that are necessary for potentiation of GluK2/GluK5 were identified. We also identified three GluK5 serines located in a membrane-proximal C-terminal domain that, when mutated to the phosphomimetic aspartate and expressed with GluK2, rendere
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br Author contribution br Acknowledgements We want to thank
2019-10-15
Author contribution Acknowledgements We want to thank Dr. Manuel Rodriguez, Dr. Ch. Blattner, Dr. Jorge Moscat, Dr. Erwin Knecht and Dr. Peter Tontonoz for materials. This work has been supported by grants from the Spanish Ministry of Education and ScienceSAF2011-27442 and a grant from General
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br Experimental section br Results and discussion br Conclus
2019-10-15
Experimental section Results and discussion Conclusions In conclusion, we have presented an autocatalytic recycling amplification electrochemical biosensing platform for simple, rapid and ultrasensitive detection of MTase activity by combining methylation-sensitive restriction endonuclease
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Other factors also contribute to replication fork
2019-10-15
Other factors also contribute to replication fork progression in DNA damage conditions. For instance, the cullin Rtt101 has a role in fork movement through alkylated DNA, probably associated to a damage tolerance mechanism [52], and TORC signaling is also important for fork progression in response t
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Naringenin is the one of the
2019-10-15
Naringenin is the one of the many components in grapefruit juice. It was assumed that administration of 20mL grapefruit juice per kilogram of body weight is completely glucuronidated in the hepatic or gut wall for first pass metabolism [38]. It has been detected that one liter of grapefruit juice co
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Unlike CRM exportins Cse and Xpot lack a
2019-10-15
Unlike CRM1, exportins Cse1 and Xpot lack a C-extension and instead rely primarily on changes in HEAT-repeat conformation and direct Ran-cargo contacts to ensure low cargo-binding affinity in the cytosol and cooperative assembly of the exportin/Ran/cargo complex in the nucleus (Cook et al., 2005, Co
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