• ATP dependent DNA ligases in vertebrates are divided

  2019-11-05

  

  ATP-dependent DNA ligases in vertebrates are divided in three families [7]. Family I DNA ligases are responsible for sealing the nicks during DNA replication and in long-patch base excision repair (BER). Family III DNA ligases are involved in short-patch BER. Lastly, family IV DNA ligases are involv

• 2111 australia In our recent study we established a procedur

  2019-11-05

  

  In our recent study, we established a procedure to examine the chromatin binding of XRCC4 using a biochemical fractionation analysis using a detergent Nonidet P-40 [22]. In this study, we investigated the role of LIG4 and its subdomains in the recruitment of XRCC4/LIG4 complex to chromatin. Mater

• Tropical theileriosis is caused by the

  2019-11-05

  

  Tropical theileriosis is caused by the apicomplexan parasite Theileria annulata which is transmitted by a tick vector from the genus Hyalomma in cattle (Echebli et al., 2014, Li et al., 2014). Theileria parasites invade the leukocytes by sporozoites secreted from the vector, schizonts mature into me

• The identification of CCR B cells within

  2019-11-05

  

  The identification of CCR6+ l-ascorbic acid synthesis within the LZ as direct progenitors of MBCs provides a new window into the evolution of immune responses. In practical terms, flow-cytometric detection of CCR6+ GC B cells could provide a means of rapidly assessing vaccine efficacy when applied

• To analyze EBI expression and its function in T cells

  2019-11-05

  

  To analyze EBI2 expression and its function in T cells in vivo, we created an EGFP reporter/knockout mouse strain, termed EBI2EGFP. This mouse strain in heterozygous configuration allows for a systematic analysis of the expression of EBI2 in distinct cell types in steady-state and under inflammatory

• br Materials and methods br

  2019-11-05

  

  Materials and methods Results Discussion Innate immunity plays an essential role in the control and elimination of bacterial infection through production of inflammatory cytokines (Liu et al., 2015). Production of inflammatory cytokines requires the recognition of bacterial pathogen-associa

• Programmed cellular death or apoptosis is a process

  2019-11-05

  

  Programmed cellular death or apoptosis is a process genetically controlled that plays an important role in cellular homeostasis, being an important defense mechanism to remove cells that have been infected, damaged or mutated (Smith and Smith, 2012, Wlodkowic et al., 2011). Nevertheless, apoptosis s

• Western blotting Western blotting was performed following th

  2019-11-05

  

  Western blotting: Western blotting was performed following the standard protocol as previously described [16]. All the images were collected using the Odyssey Fc imaging system (Li-COR Biosciences). In vitro kinase assays were performed on ∼1 μg of purified CDK5/p35 complex in 30 μL of kinase buffe

• Our results show that COX and COX inhibition improve

  2019-11-05

  

  Our results show that COX-1 and COX-2 inhibition improve cognitive performance and decrease the neuronal insult during HH. However, when a neuroinflammatory response was observed, COX-1 inhibition was more effective than COX-2 inhibition at reducing microglial activation and augmenting pro-inflammat

• TMP269 The absence of the LIG gene

  2019-11-05

  

  The absence of the LIG3 gene in yeasts has prevented the use of genetically tractable lower eukaryotes, such as Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Schizosaccharomyces pombe, as models to gain insights into the cellular functions of and interplay between the DNA ligases encoded by the LIG1, LIG3 and LIG4 g

• The DDR gene located on

  2019-11-04

  

  The DDR1 gene, located on chromosome region 6p21.33, encodes a transmembrane tyrosine kinase receptor involved in melanocyte anchoring through binding to collagen IV (Silva de Castro et al., 2010). So far, only three studies have been conducted on the association between DDR1 polymorphism and the ri

• brilliant blue Several single nucleotide polymorphisms SNPs

  2019-11-04

  

  Several single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in humans affect CYP3A expression and activity (Lamba et al., 2002). The CYP3A4 SNP rs2740574 (also referred to as CYP3A4*1B, by The Human Cytochrome P450 (CYP) Allele Nomenclature Database, http://www.cypalleles.ki.se/) is a change in the promoter regi

• br STAR Methods br Acknowledgments We would like

  2019-11-04

  

  STAR★Methods Acknowledgments We would like to thank Dr. Tsung-Ping and Dr. Shang-Yi Tsai, National Institute on Drug Abuse, NIH for sharing protocols on pulse chase experiments and analysis. We would like to thank Dr. William G. Telford for his valuable input on Amnis flow cytometry experiment

• br Acknowledgements The research leading to these results ha

  2019-11-04

  

  Acknowledgements The research leading to these results has received funding from the European Union Seventh Framework Programme (FP7-PEOPLE-2013-COFUND) under grant agreement no 609020 − Scientia Fellows (JB) and the Research Council of Norway (NFR-grant 221444) (JB, JPM, OB). Introduction Hu

• Protein degradation via UPP involves two steps One

  2019-11-04

  

  Protein degradation via UPP involves two steps. One step is the conjugation of multiple ubiquitin to a substrate. The other step is the degradation of tagged protein by the downstream 26S proteasome complex. Protein ubiquitination is the E1–E2–E3 enzymatic cascade (Hershko & Ciechanover, 1998). E1-a

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